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HTML Language Code Reference ISO Language Codes You should always include the lang attribute inside the <html> tag, to declare the language of the Web page. This is meant to assist search engines and browsers: <html lang="en"> ... </html> In XHTML, the language is declared inside the <html> tag as follows: <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> ... </html> ISO 639-1 Language Codes ISO 639-1 defines abbreviations for languages: See also: Reference for Country Codes. Language ISO Code Abkhazian ab Afar aa Afrikaans af Akan ak Albanian sq Amharic am Arabic ar Aragon…
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HTML Layout Elements and Techniques Websites often display content in multiple columns (like a magazine or a newspaper). Example Cities London Paris Tokyo London London is the capital city of England. It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom, with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants. Standing on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who named it Londinium. Footer HTML Layout Elements HTML has several semantic elements that define the different parts of a web page: <h…
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HTML Links Links are found in nearly all web pages. Links allow users to click their way from page to page. HTML Links - Hyperlinks HTML links are hyperlinks. You can click on a link and jump to another document. When you move the mouse over a link, the mouse arrow will turn into a little hand. Note: A link does not have to be text. A link can be an image or any other HTML element! HTML Links - Syntax The HTML <a> tag defines a hyperlink. It has the following syntax: <a href="url">link text</a> The most important attribute of the <a> element is the href attribute, which indicates the link's destination. The link text is…
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HTML Lists HTML lists allow web developers to group a set of related items in lists. Example An unordered HTML list: Item Item Item Item An ordered HTML list: First item Second item Third item Fourth item Unordered HTML List An unordered list starts with the <ul> tag. Each list item starts with the <li> tag. The list items will be marked with bullets (small black circles) by default: Example <ul> <li>Coffee</li> <li>Tea</li> <li>Milk</li> </ul> Ordered HTML List An ordered list starts with the <ol> tag. Each list item starts with the <li&…
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HTML Online Editor HTML Editor With our online HTML editor, you can edit HTML, CSS and JavaScript code, and view the result in your browser. Run » Size: Example <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <title>HTML Tutorial</title> <body> <h1>This is a heading</h1> <p>This is a paragraph.</p> </body> </html> This is a Heading This is a paragraph. Try it Yourself » Click on the "Try it Yourself" button to see how it works. Publish Your Code If you want to save your HTML, CSS and JavaScript code, and create your own website, check out W3Schools Spaces. W3Schools Spaces …
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HTML Page Title Every web page should have a page title to describe the meaning of the page. The Title Element The <title> element adds a title to your page: Example <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>HTML Tutorial</title> </head> <body> The content of the document...... </body> </html> The title is shown in the browser's title bar: What is a Good Title? The title should describe the content and the meaning of the page. The page title is very important for search engine optimization (SEO). The text is used by search engine algorithms to decide the order when listing pages i…
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HTML Paragraphs A paragraph always starts on a new line, and is usually a block of text. HTML Paragraphs The HTML <p> element defines a paragraph. A paragraph always starts on a new line, and browsers automatically add some white space (a margin) before and after a paragraph. Example <p>This is a paragraph.</p> <p>This is another paragraph.</p> HTML Display You cannot be sure how HTML will be displayed. Large or small screens, and resized windows will create different results. With HTML, you cannot change the display by adding extra spaces or extra lines in your HTML code. The browser will automatically remove any extra sp…
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HTML Plug-ins Plug-ins are computer programs that extend the standard functionality of the browser. Plug-ins Plug-ins were designed to be used for many different purposes: To run Java applets To run Microsoft ActiveX controls To display Flash movies To display maps To scan for viruses To verify a bank id Warning ! Most browsers no longer support Java Applets and Plug-ins. ActiveX controls are no longer supported in any browsers. The support for Shockwave Flash has also been turned off in modern browsers. The <object> Element The <object> element is supported by all browsers. The <object> element defines an embedded object within an HT…
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HTML Quiz You can test your HTML skills with W3Schools' Quiz. The Test The test contains 40 questions and there is no time limit. The test is not official, it's just a nice way to see how much you know, or don't know, about HTML. Count Your Score You will get 1 point for each correct answer. At the end of the Quiz, your total score will be displayed. Maximum score is 40 points. Start the Quiz Good luck! Start the HTML Quiz ❯ If you don't know HTML, we suggest that you read our HTML Tutorial from scratch. Kickstart your career Get certified by completing the course
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HTML Quotation and Citation Elements In this chapter we will go through the <blockquote>,<q>, <abbr>, <address>, <cite>, and <bdo> HTML elements. Example Here is a quote from WWF's website: HTML <blockquote> for Quotations The HTML <blockquote> element defines a section that is quoted from another source. Browsers usually indent <blockquote> elements. Example <p>Here is a quote from WWF's website:</p> <blockquote cite="http://www.worldwildlife.org/who/index.html"> For 60 years, WWF has worked to help people and nature thrive. As the world's leading conservation organizati…
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HTML Reference - Browser Support HTML Reference With Browser Support The table below lists all HTML elements and their attributes, along with browser support: <a> Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes download 14.0 18.0 20.0 10.1 15.0 href Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes hreflang Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes media Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes ping Yes No Yes No Yes referrerpolicy 51.0 79.0 50.0 11.1 38.0 rel Yes Yes Yes Yes …
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HTML Responsive Web Design Responsive web design is about creating web pages that look good on all devices! A responsive web design will automatically adjust for different screen sizes and viewports. What is Responsive Web Design? Responsive Web Design is about using HTML and CSS to automatically resize, hide, shrink, or enlarge, a website, to make it look good on all devices (desktops, tablets, and phones): Try it Yourself » Setting The Viewport To create a responsive website, add the following <meta> tag to all your web pages: Example <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> This will set the viewport of…
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HTML Semantic Elements Semantic elements = elements with a meaning. What are Semantic Elements? A semantic element clearly describes its meaning to both the browser and the developer. Examples of non-semantic elements: <div> and <span> - Tells nothing about its content. Examples of semantic elements: <img>, <table>, and <article> - Clearly defines its content. Semantic Elements in HTML Many web sites contain HTML code like: <div id="nav"> <div class="header"> <div id="footer"> to indicate navigation, header, and footer. In HTML there are several semantic elements that can be used to define different parts of a we…
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HTML Server-Sent Events API The Server-Sent Events (SSE) API enables pushing messages/updates from a server to the web page via HTTP connection. Server-Sent Events - One Way Messaging A server-sent event is when a web page automatically gets messages/updates from a server. Normally, a web page has to request data from the server, but with server-sent events, the updates are pushed automatically. Examples: Facebook/Twitter updates, stock market updates, news feeds, sport results, etc. Browser Support The numbers in the table specify the first browser version that fully support the Server-Sent Events API. API …
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HTML Study Plan Introduction The HTML study plan helps you teach your students HTML step-by-step. Creating a study plan for HTML is easy. You can use a pre-built study plan or customize it. Students have different skill levels. The study plans can be customized to ensure that everyone is challenged. Save time with pre-built teacher materials and study plans. Easily organize your class with a timeline from the introduction of HTML to the final exam. W3Schools Academy This study plan is a feature of W3Schools Academy. W3Schools Academy is a platform that has everything you need to teach coding, all in one place. It offers you as a teacher a toolbox of features t…
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HTML Style Guide Consistent, clean, and tidy HTML code makes it easier for others to read and understand your code. Here are some guidelines and tips for creating good HTML code. Always Declare Document Type Always declare the document type as the first line in your document. The correct document type for HTML is: <!DOCTYPE html> Use Lowercase Element Names HTML allows mixing uppercase and lowercase letters in element names. However, we recommend using lowercase element names, because: Mixing uppercase and lowercase names looks bad Developers normally use lowercase names Lowercase looks cleaner Lowercase is easier to type Good: <body&…
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HTML Styles The HTML style attribute is used to add styles to an element, such as color, font, size, and more. Example I am Red I am Blue I am Big The HTML Style Attribute Setting the style of an HTML element, can be done with the style attribute. The HTML style attribute has the following syntax: <tagname style="property:value;"> The property is a CSS property. The value is a CSS value. You will learn more about CSS later in this tutorial. Background Color The CSS background-color property defines the background color for an HTML element. Example Set the background color for a page to powderblue: <body style="background-colo…
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HTML Styles - CSS CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. CSS saves a lot of work. It can control the layout of multiple web pages all at once. CSS = Styles and Colors Manipulate Text Colors, Boxes What is CSS? Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is used to format the layout of a webpage. With CSS, you can control the color, font, the size of text, the spacing between elements, how elements are positioned and laid out, what background images or background colors are to be used, different displays for different devices and screen sizes, and much more! Tip: The word cascading means that a style applied to a parent element will also apply to all …
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HTML Syllabus Introduction The W3Schools HTML Tutorial is comprehensive and beginner-friendly. It will give you a fundamental knowledge of HTML. It is designed for beginners and requires no prior experience with programming. The content has been carefully made to be bite-sized, simple, and easy to understand. The content has been proven by millions of users over the years. It is updated and improved frequently. The syllabus outline and its sequence are structured so you can learn HTML step by step, from the introduction to creating your first application with HTML. Get Started With HTML » Learning Outcomes Understand the basic structure of an HTML document…
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HTML Symbols HTML Symbol Entities Symbols or letters that are not present on your keyboard can be added to HTML using entities. To add such symbols to an HTML page, you can use the entity name or the entity number (a decimal or a hexadecimal reference) for the symbol: Example Display the euro sign: <p>I will display €</p> <p>I will display €</p> <p>I will display €</p> Will display as: I will display € I will display € I will display € Some HTML Symbol Entities Char Number Entity Description © © © COPYRIGHT ® ® ® REGISTERED TRADEMARK …
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HTML Tables HTML tables allow web developers to arrange data into rows and columns. Example Company Contact Country Alfreds Futterkiste Maria Anders Germany Centro comercial Moctezuma Francisco Chang Mexico Ernst Handel Roland Mendel Austria Island Trading Helen Bennett UK Laughing Bacchus Winecellars Yoshi Tannamuri Canada Magazzini Alimentari Riuniti Giovanni Rovelli Italy Define an HTML Table A table in HTML consists of table cells inside rows and columns. Example A simple HTML table: <table> <tr> <th…
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HTML Text Formatting HTML contains several elements for defining text with a special meaning. Example This text is bold This text is italic This is subscript and superscript HTML Formatting Elements Formatting elements were designed to display special types of text: <b> - Bold text <strong> - Important text <i> - Italic text <em> - Emphasized text <mark> - Marked text <small> - Smaller text <del> - Deleted text <ins> - Inserted text <sub> - Subscript text <sup> - Superscript text HTML <b> and <strong> Elements The HTML <b> element defines bold text, without any e…
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HTML Tutorial Learn HTML HTML is the standard markup language for Web pages. With HTML you can create your own Website. HTML is easy to learn - You will enjoy it! HTML Tutorial Study our HTML Tutorial for free, no registration needed. Learn HTML Now » OR HTML Course + Certificate Upgrade your learning with our interactive HTML Course and Get Certified. Upgrade to our HTML Course 🏁 Tip: Sign in to track your progress. Learning by Examples With our "Try it Yourself" editor, you can edit the HTML code and view the result in the browser:…
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HTML Uniform Resource Locators A URL is another word for a web address. A URL can be composed of words (e.g. w3schools.com), or an Internet Protocol (IP) address (e.g. 192.68.20.50). Most people enter the name when surfing, because names are easier to remember than numbers. URL - Uniform Resource Locator Web browsers request pages from web servers by using a URL. A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is used to address a document (or other data) on the web. A web address like https://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp follows these syntax rules: scheme://prefix.domain:port/path/filename Explanation: scheme - defines the type of Internet service (most common i…
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HTML URL Encoding Reference URL - Uniform Resource Locator Web browsers request pages from web servers by using a URL. The URL is the address of a web page, like: https://www.w3schools.com. URL Encoding (Percent Encoding) URL encoding converts characters into a format that can be transmitted over the Internet. URLs can only be sent over the Internet using the ASCII character-set. Since URLs often contain characters outside the ASCII set, the URL has to be converted into a valid ASCII format. URL encoding replaces unsafe ASCII characters with a "%" followed by two hexadecimal digits. URLs cannot contain spaces. URL encoding normally replaces a space with a …
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