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CSS Browser Support Reference CSS Reference With Browser Support The table below lists all CSS properties and how each property is supported in the different browsers: The number to the right of the browser icon indicates in which browser version the property was first supported. Property Edge Firefox Chrome Safari Opera A accent-color 93 92 93 15.4 79 align-content 16 52 57 10.1 44 align-items 16 52 57 10.1 44 align-self 16 52 57 10.1 44 all 79 27 37…

CSS Default Values Reference Default CSS Values for HTML Elements The table below shows the default CSS browser values for all HTML elements. Element Default CSS Value Try it a:link color: (internal value); text-decoration: underline; cursor: auto; Try it » a:visited color: (internal value); text-decoration: underline; cursor: auto; Try it » a:link:active color: (internal value); Try it » a:visited:active color: (internal value); Try it » abbr None. address display: block; font-style: italic; Try it » area display: none; article display: block; aside display: block; …

CSS Legal Color Values CSS Colors Colors in CSS can be specified by the following methods: Hexadecimal colors Hexadecimal colors with transparency RGB colors RGBA colors HSL colors HSLA colors Predefined/Cross-browser color names With the currentcolor keyword Hexadecimal Colors A hexadecimal color is specified with: #RRGGBB, where the RR (red), GG (green) and BB (blue) hexadecimal integers specify the components of the color. All values must be between 00 and FF. For example, the #0000ff value is rendered as blue, because the blue component is set to its highest value (ff) and the others are set to 00. Example Define different HEX colors: …

CSS Colors Color Names Supported by All Browsers All modern browsers support the following 140 color names (click on a color name, or a hex value, to view the color as the background-color along with different text colors): For a full overview of CSS colors, visit our colors tutorial. AliceBlue #F0F8FF Color Mixer Color Picker AntiqueWhite #FAEBD7 Color Mixer Color Picker Aqua #00FFFF Color Mixer Color Picker Aquamarine #7FFFD4 Color Mixer Color Picker …

PX to EM Conversion PX to EM Converter Set a default font size (usually 16px) Then, convert a pixel value to em, based on the default size Or, convert an em value to pixels, based on the default size Set a default font size: px Convert PX to EM: px Convert EM to PX: em Convert Result: Body Font Size In the table below, select a body font size in pixels (px) to display a complete "px to em and percent" conversion table. Tip: The default font size is usually 16px. What is the difference between PX, EM and Percent? Pixel is a static measurement, while percent and EM are relative measurements. Percent depends on its parent font …

CSS Units CSS Units CSS has several different units for expressing a length. Many CSS properties take "length" values, such as width, margin, padding, font-size, etc. Length is a number followed by a length unit, such as 10px, 2em, etc. Example Set different length values, using px (pixels): h1 { font-size: 60px; } p { font-size: 25px; line-height: 50px; } Try it Yourself » Note: A whitespace cannot appear between the number and the unit. However, if the value is 0, the unit can be omitted. For some CSS properties, negative lengths are allowed. There are two types of length units: absolute and relative. Absolute Lengths The absolute length un…

CSS Animatable Definition and Usage Some CSS properties are animatable, meaning that they can be used in animations and transitions. Animatable properties can change gradually from one value to another, like size, numbers, percentage and color. Browser Support The animation properties are supported in all modern browsers. The numbers in the table specifies the first browser version that fully support CSS animations. 43 10 16 9 30 Example Animate the background-color from red to blue: @keyframes mymove { from {background-color: red;} to {background-color: blue;} } Try …

CSS Web Safe Fonts Best Web Safe Fonts for HTML and CSS The following fonts are the best web safe fonts for HTML and CSS: Arial (sans-serif) Verdana (sans-serif) Tahoma (sans-serif) Trebuchet MS (sans-serif) Times New Roman (serif) Georgia (serif) Garamond (serif) Courier New (monospace) Brush Script MT (cursive) Note: Before you publish your website, always check how your fonts appear on different browsers and devices, and always use fallback fonts! Arial (sans-serif) Arial is the most widely used font for both online and printed media. Arial is also the default font in Google Docs. Arial is one of the safest web fonts, and it is availa…

CSS Aural Reference Aural Style Sheets Aural style sheets use a combination of speech synthesis and sound effects to make the user listen to information, instead of reading information. Aural presentation can be used: by blind people to help users learning to read to help users who have reading problems for home entertainment in the car by print-impaired communities The aural presentation converts the document to plain text and feed this to a screen reader (a program that reads all the characters on the screen). An example of an Aural style sheet: @media aural { h1, h2, h3, h4 { voice-family: male; richness: 80; cue-before: …

CSS Functions Reference CSS Functions CSS functions can be used to calculate values, manipulate strings or colors, create complex gradients and shapes, and more. CSS functions are typically used as values for various CSS properties. Function Description acos() Returns the inverse cosine of a number between -1 and 1 asin() Returns the inverse sine of a number between -1 and 1 atan() Returns the inverse tangent of a number between -∞ and ∞ atan2() Returns the inverse tangent of two values between -infinity and infinity attr() Returns the value of an attribute of the selected element …

CSS At-rules Reference CSS At-rules CSS at-rules are statements that instruct CSS on how to behave. Each at-rule begins with an @ followed by a name. The table below shows the different at-rules in CSS: At-rule Description @charset Specifies the character encoding used in the style sheet @container Define styles for elements in container, depending on the container's size or style @counter-style Lets you define your own counter styles @font-face Specifies a custom font with which to display text @font-palette-values Allows you to customize the default values of a font-palette …

CSS Pseudo-elements Reference CSS Pseudo-elements A CSS pseudo-element is used to style specific parts of an element. For example, it can be used to: Style the first letter or line, of an element Insert content before or after an element Style the markers of list items Style the viewbox behind a dialog box The table below shows the different pseudo-elements in CSS: Pseudo-element Example Example description ::after p::after div::after Inserts something after the content of the specified element ::backdrop dialog::backdrop Styles the viewbox behind a dialog box or popover element ::before p:…

CSS Pseudo-classes Reference CSS Pseudo-classes A CSS pseudo-class is a keyword that can be added to a selector, to define a style for a special state of an element. Some common use for pseudo-classes: Style an element when a user moves the mouse over it Style visited and unvisited links differently Style an element when it gets focus Style valid/invalid/required/optional form elements Style an element that is the first child of its parent Syntax Pseudo-classes are always denoted by a single colon (:) followed by the pseudo-class name: selector:pseudo-class-name { CSS properties } The table below lists all the pseudo-class keywords in CSS: …

CSS Combinators Reference CSS Combinators A combinator is a sign that explains the relationship between selectors. The table below shows the different combinators in CSS: Name Sign Example Example Result Child combinator > div > p Selects every <p> element that are direct children of a <div> element Descendant combinator (single space) div p Selects all <p> elements inside <div> elements Namespace separator | ns | h2 Selects all <h2> elements in namespace ns Next-sibling combinator + div + p Selects the first <p> eleme…

CSS Selector Reference CSS Selectors CSS selectors are used to "find" (or select) the HTML elements you want to style. Use our CSS Selector Tester to demonstrate the different selectors. CSS Simple Selectors The simple selectors select elements based on element-name, id, and class. In addition, there is the universal selector (*). Selector Example Example description element p Selects all <p> elements #id #firstname Selects the element with id="firstname" * * Selects all elements .class .intro p.intro Selects all elements with class="intro" Selects all <p> elemen…

CSS Reference CSS Properties A accent-color Specifies an accent color for user-interface controls align-content Specifies the alignment between the lines inside a flexible container when the items do not use all available space align-items Specifies the alignment for items inside a flexible container align-self Specifies the alignment for selected items inside a flexible container all Resets all properties (except unicode-bidi and direction) animation A shorthand property for all the animation-* properties animation-delay Specifies a delay for the start of an animation …

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W3Schools CSS Bootcamp HTML & CSS Bootcamp Learn with W3Schools. Live online learning sessions. Duration: 3 Weeks. Learn More Live Online Bootcamp In this bootcamp, you will learn the foundational skills needed to create beautiful and functional websites, from writing HTML markup to styling your pages with CSS. You will learn HTML and CSS over a 3 weeks period together with a live instructor and an interactive cohort of engaged learners! You Will Learn HTML and CSS fundamentals including Elements, Attributes, Tables, Forms and more. How to write best fit Semantic HTML How to create y…

CSS Interview Preparation Try W3Schools' comprehensive Front-End interview preparation feature. A tool that will help you get ready for your next interview. W3Schools interview preparation is an interactive feature powered by AI, where you can select the role of the interviewer, ask questions, and receive guidance. After the interview training you will get an evaluation of your performance that you can use to improve yourself. Get Started What to expect in a Front-End interview If you are going to a Front-End interview, there are a few things you can expect: Coding Questions: You will be asked coding questions, and you possibly also get a task to solv…

CSS Study Plan Introduction The CSS study plan helps you teach your students CSS step-by-step. Creating a study plan for CSS is easy. You can use a pre-built study plan or customize it. Students have different skill levels. The study plans can be customized to ensure that everyone is challenged. Save time with pre-built teacher materials and study plans. Easily organize your class with a timeline from the introduction of CSS to the final exam. W3Schools Academy This study plan is a feature of W3Schools Academy. W3Schools Academy is a platform that has everything you need to teach coding, all in one place. It offers you as a teacher a toolbox of features that h…

CSS Syllabus Introduction The W3Schools CSS Tutorial is comprehensive and beginner-friendly. It will give you a fundamental knowledge of CSS. It is designed for beginners and requires no prior experience with programming. The content has been carefully made to be bite-sized, simple, and easy to understand. The content has been proven by millions of users over the years. It is updated and improved frequently. The syllabus outline and its sequence are structured so you can learn CSS step by step, from the introduction to creating your first application with CSS. Get Started With CSS » Learning Outcomes Understand how CSS is used to format and style web pag…

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CSS Code Challenges Test your CSS skills with code challenges from all categories: Code Challenges Loading challenges...

CSS Exercises Test your CSS skills with exercises from all categories: Exercises Tip: Sign in to track your progress. 0/152 done Syntax6 exercisesOpenDoneSelectors6 exercisesOpenDoneSelectors Grouping3 exercisesOpenDoneHow To4 exercisesOpenDoneHow To - Internal2 exercisesOpenDoneHow To - Inline2 exercisesOpenDoneHow To - Multiple and Cascade3 exercisesOpenDoneComments5 exercisesOpenDoneColors5 exercisesOpenDoneRGB5 exercisesOpenDoneHEX7 exercisesOpenDoneHSL6 exercisesOpenDoneBackground Color7 exercisesOpenDoneBackground Image6 exercisesOpenDoneBackground Repeat6 exercisesOpenDoneBackground Attachment5 exercisesOpenDoneBackground Shorthand6 exercisesOpenDo…